TY - JOUR AU - Mulvaney, Dustin R. AU - Krupnik, Timothy J. AU - Koffler, Kaden B. TI - Transgenic rice evaluated for risks to marketability JF - California Agriculture JO - Calif Agr Y1 - 2011/09/01 VL - 65 IS - 3 SP - 161 EP - 167 PB - University of California Agriculture and Nature Resources SN - 0008-0845 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.3733/ca.E.v065n03p161 L3 - 10.3733/ca.E.v065n03p161 AB - The California Rice Certification Act mandates specific planting and handling protocols for rice varieties, including transgenic rice, that may pose economic risks to California rice growers. Based on a literature review and extensive interviews, we describe this policy's evolution as a system for identity preservation and explain how it shapes the potential commercialization of transgenic rice. Several studies suggest that transgenic rice would be profitable for California growers, but the challenges in assuring 100% identity preservation — especially when access to export markets is at risk — means that the commercial approval of transgenic rice in California is unlikely until there is widespread market acceptance and growers are assured of no sales interruptions.