Greenhouse roses in California are typically planted in ground beds, but they also produce exceptionally well in five-gallon containers (see table 1). This type of culture appears to offer advantages that may prove commercially useful, including good production on poor growing sites; centralized soil preparation and planting operations; seasonal variations in spacing and/or cultivars; and the containment and possible recycling of run-off water. The use of individual plant containers also permits part of the crop to be rotated between high-cost greenhouse production areas and low-maintenance outdoor “plant renewal” sites. Production from “renewed” plants is greater than from continuously cropped plants.